Regiocontrol in the Heck-reaction and fast fluorous chemistry

The palladium-catalysed Heck-reaction has been utilised in organic synthesis, where the introduction of aryl groups at the internal, β-carbon of different allylic substrates has been achieved with high regioselectivity. The β-stabilising effect of silicon enhances the regiocontrol in the internal arylation of allyltrimethylsilane, while a coordination between palladium and nitrogen induces very high regioselectivities in the arylation of N,N-dialkylallylamines and the Boc-protected allylamine, producing β-arylated arylethylamines, which are of interest for applications in medicinal chemistry. Phthalimido-protected allylamines are arylated with poor to moderate regioselectivity. Single-mode microwave heating can reduce the reaction times of Heck-, Stille- and radical mediated reactions drastically from approximately 20 hours to a few minutes with, in the majority of cases, retained, high regioselectivity. The use of heavily fluorinated tin reagents, which proved to be unreactive under thermal heating, is shown to be applicable with microwave-heating and the high fluorous content of the products is utilised with the aim of improving and simplifying the work-up procedure