Att spara på värme : Energieffektiviseringar i fjärrvärmeanslutna flerbostadshus från miljonprogrammet i Uppsala

The purpose of this report is to survey the multi-family residential buildings that were built in the Swedish city of Uppsala during the state-funded Million Homes Program and to assess the technical potential of different energy efficiency measures that may be applied in order to improve the efficiency of the heating of these buildings. An additional purpose of this report is to discern how the entire district heating system would be affected if the proposed energy efficiency measures were implemented. The energy efficiency measures that were examined were: improved thermal envelopes (additional insulation and energy efficient windows and doors) and installation of air-to-air heat exchangers or exhaust air heat pumps in the ventilation systems. The buildings were categorized into four different types of buildings with different properties and a model was constructed for each category. All energy efficiency measures showed significant reductions in the amount of heating required. The measure with the best performance was improvement of thermal envelopes in combination with exhaust air heat pumps, which reduced the buildings' energy demand by about 80%. Regarding the heat demand in the entire district heating system, the reductions due to energy efficiency measures in the million homes program buildings were small. The exhaust air heat pumps showed the largest reductions in the capacity factor. Only the heat exchangers resulted in a higher capacity factor and the improvement was too small to be of interest. However, the results clearly show that saving energy in space heating is technically easily achievable