Anogenital distance (AGD) and intratesticular testosterone (ITT) in rats at e21.5 after <i>in utero</i> exposure to vehicle (control), dibutyl phthalate (DBP-500 or 750 mg/kg), dexamethasone (Dex 100 µg/kg) or DBP-500+Dex from e13.5–e20.5 (full treatment window), e15.5–e18.5 (MPW window) or e19.5–e20.5 (late window).

<p>Only treatments which included the masculinization programming window (MPW) resulted in a significant reduction in AGD in animals (A), whereas ITT was maximally reduced when treatment included the late (e19.5–e20.5) window (B). Values are Means ± SEM for 18–39 animals from 3–7 litters per group. ***p<0.001, in comparison with controls; ^ap<0.001 in comparison with Dex group; ^bp<0.001 in comparison with DBP-500 late window group; ^cp<0.001 in comparison with DBP-750 late window group; ^dp<0.01 in comparison with DBP-750 MPW window group; ^ep<0.05 in comparison with DBP-500 full treatment window group.