Kinetics of HIV-1 reactivation.

<p>(A) Latently infected cells were generated as described in <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0030176#pone-0030176-g001" target="_blank">Figure 1</a> with NL4-3 Luciferase virus or NL4-3 mCherry:Luc virus. Cells were either cultured in the presence of media alone or stimulated with 200 nM PMA, 200 nM PMA and 1.5 µM ionomycin, 10 µg/ml PHA, 10 µg/ml PHA with 100 units/ml IL-2, 10 ng/ml TNF-α, anti-CD3+anti-CD28 beads (ratio 1∶1), 100 units/ml IL-2, 62.5 ng/ml IL-7, or 12.5 ng/ml IL-15. Cells were harvested after 48 h of stimulation. RLU shown were normalized based on total protein present in the various cell lysates. All stimulations were performed in triplicate with error bars representing +/− SD. Results are representative of experiments performed with cells from four independent donors. (B) Latently infected cells from the same individual donor were stimulated with anti-CD3+anti-CD28 beads (ratio 1∶1), 200 nM PMA with 1.5 µM ionomycin, or 10 µg/ml PHA with 100 units/ml IL-2 and harvested at the indicated times post-stimulation. Results are representative of kinetic experiments performed with cells isolated from three independent donors.