Immunization strategies that failed to protect mice from peripheral microfilaraemia.

<p>Mice were immunized with 100,000 Mf either three times i.v. (A, B) or first s.c. followed by an i.p. and i.v. immunization (C, D). All control mice received PBS. <i>L. sigmodontis</i> challenge infection was performed one week after the last immunization. (B) After immunization mice were treated i.v. with IVM. (D) Mice were immunized with irradiated (400 Gy) Mf. Microfilaraemia was monitored throughout patency. Data obtained from single experiments with at least six mice per group are shown. Two-way ANOVA (mean ± SEM) was used for statistical analysis including both Mf⁻ and Mf⁺ mice.