Temporal changes in the expression levels of cytokine and interferon (IFN) and IFN-stimulated genes (ISG) in influenza virus-infected (A) MDCK and (B) CEF cells.

<p>Cells were infected using an MOI = 4, and at between 2 and 10 hpi the host cell mRNA levels compared with that in mock-infected cells. The data were obtained from 3 independent experiments, and probe sets showing either >2 or <−2 fold change (FC) in expression are indicated (p<0.05). In this representation up-regulated (red) or down-regulated (green) refer to the fold changes (FC) in gene expression compared to mock-infected cells in H1N1/WSN, H9N2 or H5N2/F118 virus-infected cells. Also shown are the probe identification (probe ID), accession numbers acquired from GeneBank (Gene symbol) and gene name (Gene title).