Analysis of variance in the Regions of Interest (ROIs) in the Ventrolateral PFC.

<p>Analyses of variance (ANOVAs) were performed for the ventrolateral regions of interest (ROIs) to examine their activation profile during <i>Similarity detection</i> and <i>Abstraction</i>. *: <i>p</i><.05; **:<i>p</i><.01; ***:<i>p</i><.001. <i>SSh</i>: Same Shape, <i>DSh</i>: Different Shape, <i>SCat</i>: Same Category, <i>DCat</i>: Different Category. DLPFC: dorsolateral prefrontal Cortex; VLPFC: Ventrolateral Prefrontal Cortex. In each ROI, two-way ANOVAs were performed to compare activation across the conditions. <i><u>Shape/Category</u></i><u> effect</u>: There was significantly more activation in the left DLPFC (<i>p</i><.001) and left posterior VLPFC during <i>category</i> than during <i>shape</i> tasks (<i>p</i><.001). There was a significantly greater signal change in the right anterior VLPFC during <i>shape</i> than during <i>category</i> tasks (<i>p</i> = .025). There was no <i>shape/category</i> effect on activation in the left anterior VLPFC. <i><u>Same/Different</u></i><u> effect</u>: There was significantly more activation during <i>same</i> than during <i>differen</i>t tasks in the left posterior VLPFC (<i>p</i><.001), left anterior VLPFC (<i>p</i> = .0000), and right anterior VLPFC (<i>p</i><.001). <u>Interactions</u>: There was no interaction between <i>similarity detection</i> and <i>abstraction</i> in the ROIs selected.