Vaccination with KSAC+GLA-SE confers long-term protection against <i>L. major</i> -infected <i>P. duboscqi</i> sand flies.

<p>Mice were vaccinated subcutaneously with 10 µg KSAC+20 µg GLA-SE, 10 µg L110f+20 µg GLA-SE, or 20 µg GLA-SE alone. (A) The ratio of IgG2a∶IgG1 was determined 12 weeks after the last vaccination and prior to the delayed challenge. (B) Lesion thickness in mice vaccinated with KSAC+GLA-SE (▪), L110f+GLA-SE (▴), or GLA-SE alone (•) and challenged with <i>L. major</i>-infected sand flies in the right ear 12 weeks (delayed challenge) after the last immunization. Panels show representative ears of vaccinated mice five weeks after challenge. (C) Parasite load determined by Real-Time PCR five weeks after challenge with infected-sand fly bites. Statistical significance was determined for mice vaccinated with KSAC+GLA-SE or L110f+GLA-SE compared to the adjuvant group using a two-tailed unpaired Student's t-test (*, p<0.05; **, p<0.01; ***, p<0.001). Ten mice were used per group. Data are representative of two independent experiments.