Phase Equilibria Study of the Binary Systems (<i>N</i>-Hexylisoquinolinium Thiocyanate Ionic Liquid + Organic Solvent or Water)

Liquid–liquid phase equilibria (LLE) of binary mixtures containing a room-temperature ionic liquid <i>N</i>-hexylisoquinolinium thiocyanate, [HiQuin]­[SCN] with an aliphatic hydrocarbon (<i>n</i>-hexane, <i>n</i>-heptane), aromatic hydrocarbon (benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, <i>n</i>-propylbenzene), cyclohexane, thiophene, water, and 1-alcohol (1-ethanol, 1-butanol, 1-hexanol, 1-octanol, 1-decanol) have been determined using a dynamic method from room temperature to the boiling-point of the solvent at ambient pressure. <i>N</i>-hexylisoquinolinium thiocyanate, [HiQuin]­[SCN] has been synthesized from <i>N</i>-hexyl-isoquinolinium bromide as a substrate. Specific basic characterization of the new compound including NMR spectra, elementary analysis, and water content have been done. The density and viscosity of pure ionic liquid were determined over a wide temperature range from 298.15 to 348.15 K. The mutual immiscibility with an upper critical solution temperature (UCST) for the binary systems {IL + aliphatic hydrocarbon, cyclohexane, or water} was detected. In the systems of {IL + aromatic hydrocarbon or thiophene} an immiscibility gap with a lower critical solution temperature (LCST) was observed. Complete miscibility in the liquid phase, over a whole range of ionic liquid mole fraction, was observed for the binary mixtures containing IL and an 1-alcohol. For the tested binary systems with immiscibility gap {IL + aliphatic hydrocarbon, aromatic hydrocarbon, cyclohexane, thiophene, or water}, the parameters of the LLE correlation have been derived using the NRTL equation. The basic thermal properties of the pure IL, that is, the glass-transition temperature as well as the heat capacity at the glass-transition temperature, have been measured using a differential scanning microcalorimetry technique (DSC). Decomposition of the IL was detected by simultaneous thermogravimetric/differential thermal analysis (TG/DTA) experiments