AAV9-mediated heart-failure-inducible PP1βshRNA increased PLN phosphorylation at Ser16, reduced BNP expression, and ameliorated cardiac interstitial fibrosis.

<p><b>A</b>: Immunoblots of the key SR phosphoproteins and analysis of the phosphorylation levels by using phosphospecific antibodies in LV homogenates at 3 months after gene transfer. <b>B</b>: Summaries of the phospholylation levels of PLN at Ser16 and RyR at Ser2808. “*” indicates p<0.05 vs. the NCshRNA treated group. (n = 8 in PP1βshRNA treated group and n = 8 in NCshRNA treated group). <b>C</b>: Expression analysis of normalized BNP (nBNP) using real-time RT-PCR from the AAV9 shRNA transfected heart tissue. “*” indicates p<0.05 vs. the NCshRNA treated group. (n = 8 in the NCshRNA treated group, n = 8 in the PP1βshRNA treated group). <b>D</b>: Representative images of Heidenhain's trichrome staining in the AAV9-BNP-EmGFP-NCshRNA- andAAV9-BNP-EmGFP-PP1βshRNA treated hearts at 3 months after gene transfer. The lower graph shows the quantitative image analysis of percentage of the area of interstitial fibrosis. “*” indicates p<0.05 vs. the NCshRNA treated group. (n = 6 in NCshRNA treated group and n = 7 in PP1βshRNA treated group).