Actin dynamics is important for first steps during ASFV entry in Vero cells.

<p><b>A–D</b>) Disruption of actin dynamics reduces the entry of ASFV. <b>A</b>) Uptake assays were performed by FACS. Pretreated cells with DMSO or 8 µM Cyto D were infected (MOI 10) for 60 min. Graphic shows percentage of virus entry relative to DMSO control, measured as p72 signal (n = 3, performed in duplicate; mean ±S.D). <b>B</b>) Cells were pretreated (4 µM Cyto D) and infected (MOI 1) for 16 h. Equivalent amounts of protein were analyzed by Western blot with an anti-ASFV antibody. β-actin was detected as a load control. <b>C</b>) After 48 hpi (MOI 1) supernatants from treated cells (8 µM Cyto D) were recovered and lytic viruses were titrated (n = 3, mean ±S.D). <b>D</b>) Development of viral factories (arrowheads) was analyzed by CLSM after treatment (8 µM Cyto D) and infected (MOI 5) for 16 h. Fixed cells were stained with Topro3 (blue), TRITC-phalloidin (red), and anti-p72 (green) to visualize cell nuclei, actin filaments and viral factories, respectively. Images of a mid z-section are shown. The percentage of infected cells of three independent experiments from CLSM images (100 cells per condition) is represented in graphic format (mean ±S.D.). <b>E–F</b>) ASFV infection induces rearrangements of the actin cytoskeleton. Cells were infected at a MOI of 50 pfu/cell (E) or transfected with pEGFP-actin for 16 h and then infected (MOI 50). For both, E and F, cells were fixed at indicated times post infection and incubated with Alexa Fluor 488-phalloidin (E), anti-p72 and Topro3 (E and F) to stain actin filaments, viral particles and cell nuclei, respectively. Z-slides images were taken by CLSM and represented as a maximum of z-projection. S.D., standard deviation; Cyto D, Cytochalasin D. ^* Unspecific cellular protein detected by the antibody.