Validation of the novel fibrosis markers by Western blotting indicates that they are promising compared to the markers in ELF test, FibroTest, Hepascore and FIBROSpect.

<p>The novel markers of fibrosis were validated alongside the markers for the ELF test, FibroTest, Hepascore and FIBROSpect using plasma samples from individuals in each of the seven Ishak stages of hepatic scarring as indicated at the top of the figure. (A) Western blots of our novel markers of fibrosis: LTIP, complement C3d, apolipoprotein L1 (ApoL1), apolipoprotein J (ApoJ), corticosteroid-binding globulin (CBG); (B) ELF test, FibroTest, Hepascore and FIBROSpect markers. Western blots of TIMP-1, PIIIP, apolipoprotein A1 (Apo A1), alpha 2 macroglobulin (a2M) and haptoglobin, ELISA data for hyaluronic acid (HA) and levels of bilirubin and gamma glutamyltranspeptidase. For hyaluronic acid, normal individuals are recognised to have hyaluronic acid below 120 ng/ml and cirrhotic patients above 250 ng/ml as indicated with the dashed lines. The two letter codes indicate if the marker is used in ELF test (EL), FibroTest (FT), Hepascore (HS) or FIBROSpect (FS).