Flavonoids protect against DSS-induced bloody diarrhea, colitis score and inflammatory cytokine expressions.

<p>(A) Mice exposed to DSS, as represented in <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0036075#pone-0036075-g003" target="_blank">Figure 3</a> according to the dosing scheme illustrated in upper right panel of (A), were evaluated for the presence of bloody diarrhea after flavonoids treatment. Data plotted as percentage (%) of total mice that had bloody diarrhea on different days of DSS treatment. (B) The histologic score was determined on day 9, when mice were sacrificed. (C & D) Total RNA was isolated from colons of DSS treated mice as in figure (A & B) and analyzed for (C) TNFα and (D) IL-6 mRNA expressions by RT-qPCR. Histogram and data points, mean ± SEM. *<i>P</i><.05; **<i>P</i><.01; ***<i>P</i><.001; ns, not significant.