Effects of morphine injections on thermal paw withdrawal latencies (PWLs).

<p>The anti-nociceptive effect was measured 30 min after morphine injection. The baseline PWLs were determined before chronic morphine exposure (10 µg i.t., twice daily for 6 days). On day 7, rats were injected intrathecally with LV-NC or LV-shPKCã. Data are presented as mean ± SD. *<i>P</i><0.05, compared with the corresponding value in the saline control group.