Model-based analysis of diversification rates in Apameini moths.

<p>Varying-rate model considers all possible bipartitions of tree and finds bipartition giving the highest likelihood when net diversification rates are optimized separately to each partition. Decreasing-rate model assumes that previously recovered (with varying-rate model) shift point node have retained the ancestral diversification rate present at the root node.</p>a<p>ΔAIC is the difference in AIC scores between each model and the overall best-fit model (here, varying-rate model with ε = 0).</p>b<p>The data reject the constant-rate model in favour of the varying-rate model under ε = 0 and 0.95 (<i>p</i><0.001). Rate-decrease model does not show a simple nested relationship with varying-rate model, but AIC strongly favours the varying-rate model.</p>c<p>Maximum-likelihood estimate of the net diversification rate r in lineages Myr⁻¹ (r, r1 and r2 are the net diversification rate of the subtree partition containing the nine Apameina genera where diversification rates shifted).</p>*<p>Maximum likelihood estimate of the extinction rates ε in lineages Myr⁻¹.