Network structure as a function of total network species richness (<i>S_prey</i>+<i>S_pred</i>) at equilibrium.

<p>(A) Nestedness and (B) modularity values for neutral (dark grey) and null (grey) networks. Grey zones represent intervals (mean ± standard deviation) over the 30 replicates for each immigration rate. Symbols correspond to empirical values reported for host-parasite (circles) and predator-prey (stars) bipartite networks. Host-parasite network data were extracted from the meta-analysis of Fortuna and colleagues <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0038295#pone.0038295-Fortuna1" target="_blank">[44]</a>. Nestedness values of predator-prey networks were extracted from Bascompte <i>et al. </i><a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0038295#pone.0038295-Bascompte2" target="_blank">[13]</a>. Modularity values of predator-prey networks were extracted from Thébault & Fontaine study <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0038295#pone.0038295-Thbault1" target="_blank">[43]</a>. Dashed lines correspond to the extreme values of indices found for those empirical networks. Nestedness and modularity values of neutral networks fall into the range of values reported for empirical networks (Nestedness: 0.507–0.942, with host-parasite: 0.613–0.886 and predator-prey: 0.507–0.942; Modularity: 0.241–0.965, with host-parasite: 0.241–0.518 and predator-prey: 0.291–0.965).