Toxicity evaluation in nematodes exposed to DMSA coated Fe₂O₃-nanoparticles at the L4-larvae stage for 24-hr.

<p>(A) Comparison of lethality in nematodes exposed to different concentrations of Fe₂O₃-nanoparticles. (B) Comparison of body length in nematodes exposed to different concentrations of Fe₂O₃-nanoparticles. (C) Comparison of head thrash in nematodes exposed to different concentrations of Fe₂O₃-nanoparticles. (D) Comparison of body bend in nematodes exposed to different concentrations of Fe₂O₃-nanoparticles. (E) Comparison of brood size in nematodes exposed to different concentrations of Fe₂O₃-nanoparticles. (F) Comparison of pumping rate in nematodes exposed to different concentrations of Fe₂O₃-nanoparticles. (G) Comparison of mean defecation cycle length in nematodes exposed to different concentrations of Fe₂O₃-nanoparticles. (H) Comparison of intestinal autofluorescence in nematodes exposed to different concentrations of Fe₂O₃-nanoparticles. (I) Pictures showing the intestinal autofluorescence in nematodes exposed to different concentrations of Fe₂O₃-nanoparticles. Bars represent mean ± S.E.M. * <i>p</i><0.05, ** <i>p</i><0.01.