<p>Unfolding was induced by urea (A, C) or GdmCl (B, D). Protein variants were incubated with denaturant for 16 h. GdmCl and urea stock solution concentration (8.0 M and 10.0 M) was determined using a standard refractometer. The measurements were carried out at 20°C in 20 mM Tris·HCl, 100 mM NaCl, 1 mM EDTA, pH 7.0. The solid lines represent the nonlinear regression fitting (two-state model, see <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0045743#s4" target="_blank">Materials and Methods</a>).</p
a<p>ΔG(H<sub>2</sub>0)-free energy change of unfolding in the absence of denaturant.</p>b<p>m-the de...
<p>Unfolding (red circles) and subsequent refolding (blue circles) were monitored by following the i...
<p>Urea-induced unfolding equilibrium data were obtained at 10°C in 20 mM Tris/HCl, pH 7.5, containi...
<p>The recombinant proteins (0.5 mg/mL) were submitted to thermal-unfolding followed by CD at 222 nm...
<p>The buffer contained 20 mM NaOAc, pH 5.5. ΔG<sup>H2O</sup><sub>N→U</sub> is designated as the app...
<p><b>(A, B)</b> Tryptophan fluorescence spectra of association domain (A) and its mutant (F394L/I41...
<p>(A) Representative Trp fluorescence wavelength scans of hVDAC-2 WT (left) and C0 (right) refolded...
<p>Urea-induced unfolding equilibrium data were obtained at 10°C in 20 mM Tris/HCl, pH 7.5, containi...
<p>Unfolding/refolding transitions were recorded starting with initially folded (0.6 M urea, filled ...
<p>(A) GdmHCl-induced denaturation curves of OmpX<sup>HN</sup> (black circles) and OmpX<sup>M</sup> ...
The folding and unfolding rates of the small protein, barstar, have been monitored using stopped-flo...
<p>(A) Heat-induced unfolding monitored by measuring the CD signal at 222 nm; after unfolding, the C...
<p>(a) The black symbols represented fluorescence (327 nm) and red symbols circular dichroismn (222 ...
<p>Thermal stabilities were studied monitoring the changes by (<b>a</b>) far-UV CD at 222 nm and by ...
ABSTRACT: The folding and unfolding rates of the small protein, barstar, have been monitored using s...
a<p>ΔG(H<sub>2</sub>0)-free energy change of unfolding in the absence of denaturant.</p>b<p>m-the de...
<p>Unfolding (red circles) and subsequent refolding (blue circles) were monitored by following the i...
<p>Urea-induced unfolding equilibrium data were obtained at 10°C in 20 mM Tris/HCl, pH 7.5, containi...
<p>The recombinant proteins (0.5 mg/mL) were submitted to thermal-unfolding followed by CD at 222 nm...
<p>The buffer contained 20 mM NaOAc, pH 5.5. ΔG<sup>H2O</sup><sub>N→U</sub> is designated as the app...
<p><b>(A, B)</b> Tryptophan fluorescence spectra of association domain (A) and its mutant (F394L/I41...
<p>(A) Representative Trp fluorescence wavelength scans of hVDAC-2 WT (left) and C0 (right) refolded...
<p>Urea-induced unfolding equilibrium data were obtained at 10°C in 20 mM Tris/HCl, pH 7.5, containi...
<p>Unfolding/refolding transitions were recorded starting with initially folded (0.6 M urea, filled ...
<p>(A) GdmHCl-induced denaturation curves of OmpX<sup>HN</sup> (black circles) and OmpX<sup>M</sup> ...
The folding and unfolding rates of the small protein, barstar, have been monitored using stopped-flo...
<p>(A) Heat-induced unfolding monitored by measuring the CD signal at 222 nm; after unfolding, the C...
<p>(a) The black symbols represented fluorescence (327 nm) and red symbols circular dichroismn (222 ...
<p>Thermal stabilities were studied monitoring the changes by (<b>a</b>) far-UV CD at 222 nm and by ...
ABSTRACT: The folding and unfolding rates of the small protein, barstar, have been monitored using s...
a<p>ΔG(H<sub>2</sub>0)-free energy change of unfolding in the absence of denaturant.</p>b<p>m-the de...
<p>Unfolding (red circles) and subsequent refolding (blue circles) were monitored by following the i...
<p>Urea-induced unfolding equilibrium data were obtained at 10°C in 20 mM Tris/HCl, pH 7.5, containi...