Niclosamide inhibits virus entry post the 19°C compartment.

<p>A). Time course of niclosamide (12.5 µM) addition and assessment of HRV2 infection of HeLa cells, including DAPI staining for nuclei. B). Quantification of HRV2 and CVB3 infections from panel A with means of infection values including SEM (n = 4). C). Impact of a drug washout on niclosamide efficacy against HRV1A, 16 and CVB3. Cells were pre-incubated with 10 µM of compound for 30 min and either washed three times with PBS or drug. Mean values and SEM of n = 4 are shown relative to DMSO treated control cells. D). Efficacy of BafA1 (50 nM), pleconaril (0.5 µg/ml) and niclosamide (5 µM) added to cells, which had been inoculated with HRV16, 1A or CVB3 for 1, 2 or 3 h at 19°C. Mean infection values and SEM of n = 3 are shown relative to DMSO controls.