The effect of the UPR pathways on the expression of the Ufm1 system.

<p><b>A.</b> Immunoblotting of MEF cell lysates using Ufm1, Uba5, RCAD/Ufl1 and C53/LZAP antibodies. GAPDH was used as a loading control. Relative ratios of proteins were measured against GAPDH using Image J software. <b>B.</b> The mRNA levels of Ufm1, Uba5, RCAD/Ufl1 and C53/LZAP in wild-type and Xbp-1^−/− MEF cells that were treated with ER stress-inducing agents (TG, 0.5 µM for 16 hour; TM, 10 µM for 16 hours; and BFA, 0.5 µg/ml for 16 hours). <b>C.</b> The mRNA levels of Ufm1, Uba5, RCAD/Ufl1 and C53/LZAP in wild-type and PERK^−/− MEF cells that were treated with ER stress-inducing agents. The results represented mean ± SD. *p value <0.01.