ESMVs induce morphological changes in Müller cells.

<p>(A) Untreated Müller cells growing as homogeneous, bipolar, spindle-like adherent cell “sheets” (B) Müller cells post 9 ESMV treatments, growing as morphologically heterogeneous individual cells, some with multiple cellular processes, others with enlarged nuclei or multinucleated, many having visible metaphase plates and numerous stellar-shaped. (C) Collage of individual cells morphologically unique to the ESMV treatment group. (D) Timeline of the morphological changes that take place in Müller cells after ESMV treatments. As Müller cells cultures progressively received more ESMV treatments, cells with apical boutons and varied morphologies appeared. The control group did not exhibit morphological changes, remaining a uniform culture of homogeneous bipolar cell sheets. ESMV-treated (T) and control (C) cells were counted after each treatment and the ratio of treated to control cells calculated (T/C ± S.E.M.).