Average final vs. initial population size in micro-populations grown to saturation of resource.

<p>Dotted line: a population with a uniform yield. Symbols: Monte Carlo results for two-state populations with variability in yield and in growth rate. Dashed lines: analytic approximations relevant only for special parameter values. Crosses: Monte Carlo simulation for “metabolic tradeoff” (lower crosses), (upper crosses). circles: variable yield positively correlated with division rate (upper circles), (lower circles).