ISG induction by IFN-β and TLR agonists in WT and deficient mDC.

<p>mDC from WT, <i>Irf3^−/−×Irf7^−/−</i> DKO, <i>Irf3^−/−×Irf5^−/−×Irf7^−/−</i> TKO, and <i>Ifnar^−/−</i> mice were treated with IFN-β (500 IU/ml) (<b>A</b>), poly(I∶C) (50 µg/ml) (<b>B</b>), or LPS (5 µg/ml) (<b>C</b>). Total RNA was isolated 24 hours later and relative gene expression was measured by qRT-PCR. Gene expression was normalized to <i>Gapdh</i> and is displayed as the fold increase compared to untreated cells on a log₂ scale. Data represent the average of three independent experiments and are expressed as the mean ± SEM. DKO and <i>Ifnar^−/−</i> groups were compared to TKO by two-way ANOVA; asterisks indicate differences that are statistically significant (****, <i>P</i><0.0001; ***, <i>P</i><0.001; **, <i>P</i><0.01; *, <i>P</i><0.05).