Effects of ESE-16 on ROS and lysosomal activity in MDA-MB-231, MCF-7 and MCF-12A cells after 24 h exposure.

<p>Relative mean fluorescence intensity of DCF (FL1) (A) hydroethidine (FL3) (B) in MCF-7, MDA-MB-231 and MCF-12A cells exposed to ESE-16 (200 nM). DCF and HE fluorescence increased over time, indicating increased formation of ROS. Red (C) and green (D) acridine orange (AO) fluorescence as indicators of lysosomal stability. Red fluorescent AO accumulates in healthy lysosomes while green fluorescent AO occurs in the cytosol. Decreased red red fluorescent AO and increased green AO fluorescence indicate increases in lysosomal rupture in ESE-16-treated cells. <b>*</b> and * indicate a P-value <0.05 between ESE-16- and vehicle-treated cells.