Cytokine secretions from ZnT8-specific T cells in T1D patients and healthy adults in the Direct assay.

<p>PBMCs from 15 T1D patients and 15 age/gender/HLA-matched controls were stimulated with 2.5 µM of ZnT8 single peptides (p#2, p#18, p#65, and p#68) in duplicates for 48 hours and six cytokines secreted during the stimulation were measured. (<b>A</b>) Representative results of ZnT8-specific IL-10 and IP-10 secretion with T1D patient samples. (<b>B</b>) Summary of cytokine secretion patterns. The cultures that scored positive in any cytokines were selected. Data was transformed into a heat-map format indicating the fold increase from the background.