Canonical redundancy analysis (RDA) results at the 20-m cell size for species distribution and environmental factors at the community level.

<p>The two graphs in the top panel show relationships between species distribution and topographic factors. E = elevation, S = slope, C = convexity, SA = sin(aspect) and CA = cos(aspect).Associated numbers indicate the power. For example, E2 is the square of elevation. The two graphs in the bottom panel show relationships between species distribution and edaphic factors. sm = soil moisture; sd = soil density; pH = pH; tc = organic carbon; an = available nitrogen; tn = total nitrogen; ap = available phosphorus; tp = total phosphorus; ak = available potassium; tk = total potassium. Values on the coordinate axes represent the proportion of RDA axes. Red crosses in these graphs represent species scores, while black circles represent site scores.