Characteristics of the Study Population.

<p>Values are percentages unless otherwise stated. All categories are mutually exclusive. The denominator for each characteristic excludes missing or unknown values unless otherwise stated.</p><p>Definition of abbreviations: MODS, microscopic-observation drug-susceptibility assay.</p>*<p>Among persons with known HIV status (<i>n</i> = 59/99 (60%)).</p>†<p>Available for <i>n</i> = 27/59 (46%) HIV-infected persons.</p>‡<p>Retreatment categories were defined according to World Health Organization criteria; <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0055872#pone.0055872-World1" target="_blank">[1]</a> smear- or culture-positivity at the fifth month or later was defined as treatment failure, stratified according to Category I or Category II treatment at the time failure occurred.</p>§<p>Hardy Diagnostics, Santa Maria, CA USA.