<i>H. pylori</i> upregulates KLF5 in human gastric epithelial cells <i>in vitro</i>.

<p>AGS human gastric epithelial cells were co-cultured with wild-type <i>cag⁺ H. pylori</i> strain 60190 at an MOI of 100∶1 for the indicated time points. (A) Quantitative real-time RT-PCR was used to assess <i>KLF5</i> mRNA expression relative to <i>GAPDH</i> mRNA expression. (B) Western blot analysis was used to assess KLF5 protein expression relative to GAPDH protein expression. (C) Western blot analysis replicates were quantified using densitometry. (D) Gastric epithelial cells were either left untreated or pretreated with actinomycin D for 1 hour prior to co-culture with <i>H. pylori</i>. Western blot analysis was used to assess KLF5 protein expression relative to GAPDH protein expression. Data are represented as fold over uninfected control. − and + symbols indicate the absence or presence of <i>H. pylori</i> (<i>Hp</i>), respectively. Error bars indicate standard error of the mean from experiments performed on at least three independent occasions, and Mann-Whitney tests were used to determine statistical significance between groups.