Percentages of cervico-vaginal fluid samples with cytokine concentrations above the limit of detection for each biomarker for cases and controls between 16 and 24 weeks of gestation.

<p>Samples with values below the limit of detection were included in all data analysis using interval regression (see methods). Interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-4, IL-6, IL-7, granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF), granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), interferon (IFN)-γ, monocyte chemotactic protein (MCP)-1, macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP)-1β, tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α.