<p>Each treatment was repeated 6 times using blood samples from 6 individual mice. Values without a common letter above their bars differ significantly (P<0.05).</p
<p>Mean (± SEM) plasma corticosterone concentrations (µg/dl) among male (upper) and female (lower) m...
<p>The serum CORT levels of CPSU and CSD groups were markedly lower than control group. Acute stress...
<p>Trunk blood samples were taken 130 sec after the mice were either being placed for 1 min in 21°C ...
<p>Values without a common letter differ (P < 0.05) within cortisol or corticosterone groups.</p
<p>Values without a common letter differ (P < 0.05) within cortisol or corticosterone groups.</p
<p>Values without a common letter differ (P < 0.05) within cortisol or corticosterone groups.</p
Evaluating stress in laboratory animals is a key principle in animal welfare. Measuring corticostero...
Although plasma corticosterone is considered the main glucocorticoid involved in regulation of stres...
<p>a–c: Values without a common letter in their superscripts differ significantly (P<0.05) within co...
Severity assessment for experiments conducted with laboratory animals is still based mainly on subje...
The concept of refinement is an important issue in the field of laboratory animal sci-ence. Refineme...
<p>Values without a common letter differ (P < 0.05) within cortisol or corticosterone groups.</p
<p>a–b: Values without a common letter above their bars differ (P<0.05) between stressed (Stres) and...
<p>CORT levels were determined following vehicle (blue) and CORT (red) injection. Levels were measur...
<p>Female <b>(A)</b> and male <b>(B)</b> wt, Epac1<sup>-/-</sup>, Epac2<sup>-/-</sup> and Epac1/2<su...
<p>Mean (± SEM) plasma corticosterone concentrations (µg/dl) among male (upper) and female (lower) m...
<p>The serum CORT levels of CPSU and CSD groups were markedly lower than control group. Acute stress...
<p>Trunk blood samples were taken 130 sec after the mice were either being placed for 1 min in 21°C ...
<p>Values without a common letter differ (P < 0.05) within cortisol or corticosterone groups.</p
<p>Values without a common letter differ (P < 0.05) within cortisol or corticosterone groups.</p
<p>Values without a common letter differ (P < 0.05) within cortisol or corticosterone groups.</p
Evaluating stress in laboratory animals is a key principle in animal welfare. Measuring corticostero...
Although plasma corticosterone is considered the main glucocorticoid involved in regulation of stres...
<p>a–c: Values without a common letter in their superscripts differ significantly (P<0.05) within co...
Severity assessment for experiments conducted with laboratory animals is still based mainly on subje...
The concept of refinement is an important issue in the field of laboratory animal sci-ence. Refineme...
<p>Values without a common letter differ (P < 0.05) within cortisol or corticosterone groups.</p
<p>a–b: Values without a common letter above their bars differ (P<0.05) between stressed (Stres) and...
<p>CORT levels were determined following vehicle (blue) and CORT (red) injection. Levels were measur...
<p>Female <b>(A)</b> and male <b>(B)</b> wt, Epac1<sup>-/-</sup>, Epac2<sup>-/-</sup> and Epac1/2<su...
<p>Mean (± SEM) plasma corticosterone concentrations (µg/dl) among male (upper) and female (lower) m...
<p>The serum CORT levels of CPSU and CSD groups were markedly lower than control group. Acute stress...
<p>Trunk blood samples were taken 130 sec after the mice were either being placed for 1 min in 21°C ...
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