Laminin, or β1 integrin activating antibody, HUTS-21, promote integrin signaling in RGCs in vitro.

<p>P5 RGCs were cultured on laminin (<b>a–d</b>), or PDL (<b>e–l</b>) for 48 hours. HUTS-21 (<b>i, k</b>) or isotype control (<b>j, l</b>) antibodies (1 µg/ml) were added to RGCs cultured on PDL 12 hours after plating. Immunohistochemistry was performed with β1 integrin (<b>a, e, i, j</b>), FAK (<b>b, f</b>), [pY397]-FAK (<b>c, g, k, l</b>), or IgG control antibodies (<b>d, h</b>) and analyzed by confocal microscopy. 100–200 cells per condition were analyzed. A representative experiment is shown. A total of N = 5 experiments were performed. Scale bars: 10 µm.