Effects of losartan treatment on mRNA expression of gene expression levels for a) TNF, b) iNOS, c) eNOS, d) AT-1R, and e) gp91phox as determined by real-time RT-PCR and protein expression levels of TNF, iNOS, and eNOS were measured by western blotting (Fig. 2f).

<p>Administration of TNF to rats induced significant increases in expression of proinflammatory and oxidative stress genes. Losartan attenuated these increases, thereby suggesting that TNF interacts with ANGII to cause some of its effects. * p<0.05 vs. control; $ p<0.05 vs.TNF.