<p>(A) Averaged auditory responses in the ROI of V1. (a1) Each thin trace is the response in V1 in a single animal; the trace is the average of 96 trials. The thick trace is the average of all thin traces obtained from 16 animals. (a2) From the data shown in (a1), a <i>t</i>-score was calculated at each sampling point, and all calculated <i>t</i>-scores are presented as a time series. The shaded region shows the time window when responses are significantly negative (<i>p</i><0.05; Student's <i>t</i>-test). The horizontal bar shows timing and duration of the auditory stimulus. (B) The auditory response at the epicenter of negative signals in V1. (b1) Each thin trace is the response in V1 in a single animal; the trace is the average of 96 tri...
<p>A) Waveform, B) spectrogram, C) amplitude envelope, and D) diagram of stimulus S1 (cf. <a href="h...
(A) Average latencies with SDs to the four sound bursts at the five wave peaks (P1-P5) when the thre...
<p>Symbols indicate individual performance of animals [750 Hz: n = 6 (vhp, free-field), 1000 Hz: n =...
<p>(A) Average post-stimulus time histogram across the population of units in response to SAM (black...
<p>(A) The averaged responses (average in the ROI of each animal followed by average among animals) ...
<p><b>A</b> Example signal of an unidentified HVC cell with fast responses to sound onsets. All stim...
<p>Example of dot-raster plots (A & B) and post-stimulus time histograms (C & D) for an individual u...
<p>(A) Cortical response to visual stimulation at 48 ms after stimulus onset. Responses in the V1, L...
<p><b>A</b>. Population averaged responses as a function of stimulus azimuth and time post-stimulus ...
<p>Symbols show individual performance of animals (2000 Hz: n = 6, 4000 Hz: n = 6, 6000 Hz: n = 5). ...
<p>Line graphs illustrating auditory thresholds at the frequencies tested in control and experimenta...
<p>Cartoons above show, for each panel, an example time course of the occurrence of the two types of...
(A) Average latencies with SDs at the five wave peaks (P1-P5) in response to the series of four wrig...
<p>A) Sound wave of the 52 sec acoustic stimulation sequence consisting of various natural and envir...
<p>Average post-stimulus time histogram across the population of units in response to SAM (black lin...
<p>A) Waveform, B) spectrogram, C) amplitude envelope, and D) diagram of stimulus S1 (cf. <a href="h...
(A) Average latencies with SDs to the four sound bursts at the five wave peaks (P1-P5) when the thre...
<p>Symbols indicate individual performance of animals [750 Hz: n = 6 (vhp, free-field), 1000 Hz: n =...
<p>(A) Average post-stimulus time histogram across the population of units in response to SAM (black...
<p>(A) The averaged responses (average in the ROI of each animal followed by average among animals) ...
<p><b>A</b> Example signal of an unidentified HVC cell with fast responses to sound onsets. All stim...
<p>Example of dot-raster plots (A & B) and post-stimulus time histograms (C & D) for an individual u...
<p>(A) Cortical response to visual stimulation at 48 ms after stimulus onset. Responses in the V1, L...
<p><b>A</b>. Population averaged responses as a function of stimulus azimuth and time post-stimulus ...
<p>Symbols show individual performance of animals (2000 Hz: n = 6, 4000 Hz: n = 6, 6000 Hz: n = 5). ...
<p>Line graphs illustrating auditory thresholds at the frequencies tested in control and experimenta...
<p>Cartoons above show, for each panel, an example time course of the occurrence of the two types of...
(A) Average latencies with SDs at the five wave peaks (P1-P5) in response to the series of four wrig...
<p>A) Sound wave of the 52 sec acoustic stimulation sequence consisting of various natural and envir...
<p>Average post-stimulus time histogram across the population of units in response to SAM (black lin...
<p>A) Waveform, B) spectrogram, C) amplitude envelope, and D) diagram of stimulus S1 (cf. <a href="h...
(A) Average latencies with SDs to the four sound bursts at the five wave peaks (P1-P5) when the thre...
<p>Symbols indicate individual performance of animals [750 Hz: n = 6 (vhp, free-field), 1000 Hz: n =...