Effect of ODN on cAMP formation in astroglial cells.

<p>(A) Cultured astrocytes were pre-incubated for 30 min in the presence of 0.1 mM IBMX, and then incubated for 10 min with graded concentrations of ODN (1 fM–10 nM). (B) Cultured astrocytes were pre-incubated for 30 min with 0.1 mM IBMX in the absence or presence of cyclo_1–8 [DLeu⁵] OP (c[DLeu⁵] OP; 1 µM) or flumazenil (1 µM), and then incubated for 10 min with medium alone or with ODN (0.1 nM). The results are expressed as percentages of control. cAMP production was quantified by radioimmunoassay, and the results are expressed as percentages of control. Each value is the mean (± SEM) of at least 15 different wells from three independent cultures. ANOVA followed by the Bonferroni's test. <i>* p</i><0.05; <i>** p</i><0.01; <i>*** p</i><0.001; NS, not statistically different <i>vs.</i> control. ^###<i>p</i><0.001; ns, not statistically different <i>vs.</i> cells incubated with antagonists.