Uric acid activates NF-κB signaling in tubular epithelial cells.

<p>(a) Western blot analysis showed that uric acid induced p65 NF-κB phosphorylation and activation in NRK-52E cells. (b) Western blot showed that uric acid induced IκB phosphorylation in NRK-52E cells. (c) Graphic presentation of relative phosphs-p65 NF-κB protein abundance normalized to p65 NF-κB. *<i>P</i><0.05 versus control (<i>n</i> = 3). (d) Graphic presentation of relative phosphs-IκB protein abundance normalized to IκB. *<i>P</i><0.05 versus control (<i>n</i> = 3). (e) Immunofluorescence staining demonstrated that p65 NF-κB underwent nuclear translocation upon uric acid stimulation in NRK-52E cells.