<p>Concentrations obtained for individuals exposed 96 h to different conditions (control, arsenate, cadmium and four binary mixtures) at three temperatures (5-10-15°C). <b><i>a) Temperature × condition effect</i></b><i>.</i> Mean internal Cd concentrations <i>in G. pulex</i> for each tested condition and temperature. Vertical bars represent standard deviations. <b><i>b) Condition effect:</i></b> Weighted mean concentration of internal Cd for each tested condition (results for all the tested temperatures were combined). Vertical bars represent 0.95 confidence intervals. <b><i>c) Temperature effect:</i></b> Weighted mean concentration of internal Cd for each temperature (results for all the tested conditions were combined). Vertical bars repr...
<p>All values were accounted for in study weights.</p><p>GM: geometric mean; GSE: geometric standard...
We applied a hybrid approach to estimate the benchmark dose (BMD) and the lower 95% confidence limit...
<p>Univariate analyses of variance (ANOVA) investigating variations in lipid content, carotenoid con...
<p>Concentrations obtained for individuals exposed 96 h to different conditions (control, arsenate, ...
<p>Concentrations obtained for individuals exposed 96 h to different conditions (control, arsenate, ...
<p> Concentrations obtained for individuals exposed 96 h to different conditions (control, arsenate,...
<p>For each point of measurement, pooled samples from three replicate exposures were considered (<i>...
<p>Mean mortality obtained for different cadmium/arsenate binary mixtures in <i>Gammarus pulex</i> a...
<p>Sexual differences in cadmium contents in the liver, the kidney, and the thyroid gland between fe...
<p>Results of the two-way ANOVAs (*p<0.05; ** p<0.01; ***p<0,001) testing the homogeneity of the phy...
<p>*P<0.05, Student’s t-test. The number of animals used is indicated in parentheses.</p
<p>The different conditions were “control”, “arsenate”, “cadmium” and four binary mixtures. <b><i>a)...
<p>Values followed by different letters differ by ANOVA and Bonferroni tests (p<0.05).</p
Cadmium (Cd) is a widespread heavy metal with osteotoxicity, and bone mineral density (BMD) is often...
<p>Mean LC10 and LC25 values (µg L<sup>−1</sup>±95% confidence intervals) estimated for <i>Gammarus ...
<p>All values were accounted for in study weights.</p><p>GM: geometric mean; GSE: geometric standard...
We applied a hybrid approach to estimate the benchmark dose (BMD) and the lower 95% confidence limit...
<p>Univariate analyses of variance (ANOVA) investigating variations in lipid content, carotenoid con...
<p>Concentrations obtained for individuals exposed 96 h to different conditions (control, arsenate, ...
<p>Concentrations obtained for individuals exposed 96 h to different conditions (control, arsenate, ...
<p> Concentrations obtained for individuals exposed 96 h to different conditions (control, arsenate,...
<p>For each point of measurement, pooled samples from three replicate exposures were considered (<i>...
<p>Mean mortality obtained for different cadmium/arsenate binary mixtures in <i>Gammarus pulex</i> a...
<p>Sexual differences in cadmium contents in the liver, the kidney, and the thyroid gland between fe...
<p>Results of the two-way ANOVAs (*p<0.05; ** p<0.01; ***p<0,001) testing the homogeneity of the phy...
<p>*P<0.05, Student’s t-test. The number of animals used is indicated in parentheses.</p
<p>The different conditions were “control”, “arsenate”, “cadmium” and four binary mixtures. <b><i>a)...
<p>Values followed by different letters differ by ANOVA and Bonferroni tests (p<0.05).</p
Cadmium (Cd) is a widespread heavy metal with osteotoxicity, and bone mineral density (BMD) is often...
<p>Mean LC10 and LC25 values (µg L<sup>−1</sup>±95% confidence intervals) estimated for <i>Gammarus ...
<p>All values were accounted for in study weights.</p><p>GM: geometric mean; GSE: geometric standard...
We applied a hybrid approach to estimate the benchmark dose (BMD) and the lower 95% confidence limit...
<p>Univariate analyses of variance (ANOVA) investigating variations in lipid content, carotenoid con...