The effects of artemisinin on LPS-induced TNF-α, MCP-1 and IL-6 expression in primary rat microglia.

<p>Cells were treated with the indicated doses of artemisinin for 1 h before LPS treatment (1 µg/ml). After incubation for 3 h, the mRNA levels of TNF-α, MCP-1 and IL-6 were determined by RT-PCR (A) and the protein levels were analyzed by western blot (B). The data are presented as the means ± S.E.M. (n = 5) for three independent experiments. *P<0.05 vs. LPS alone.