ERP results.

<p>Voltage maps and waveforms reflecting the difference between violation sentence and correct sentence grand average ERPs by test session (end of training, retention) and group (explicit, implicit). Significant effects are indicated by letter on the voltage maps. Note that effects (a) through (f) parallel effects (a) through (f) in the <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0032974#s4" target="_blank">Discussion</a> section “ERPs were more native-like at retention than at end of training”. (a) Left anterior-central negativity in the 300–500 ms time window found only at retention in the implicit group. (b) Anterior negativity found over both groups in the 500–700 ms time window only at retention. (c) Anterior negativity found over both groups in both test sessions in the 700–900 ms time window, but which was more robust at retention than at end of training. (d) Posterior positivity found over both groups and both test sessions in the 700–900 ms and 900–1200 ms time windows, but which was more robust at posterior sites at retention than at end training. (e) Right anterior positivity found in the 300–500 ms time window only in the explicit group at end of training. (f) Posterior negativity found over both groups in the 300–500 ms time window only at end of training. (g) Anterior negativity found over both groups and both test sessions in the 900–1200 ms time window.