Phenotypic alterations in T-cells are modulated by HIV-1 viral load.

<p>Spearman correlation between plasma viral load and phenotype of T cells from PBMC and GALT. Positive correlation between plasma viral load and CTLA-4 expression. A) In CD4⁺ and B) CD8⁺ T cells. C) Positive correlation between viral load and PD-1 expression on CD4⁺ T cells.