Culturing of HRTCs with 1 nM of C-peptide resulted in increase in PKCε phosphorylation, while phosphorylation of PKCs α/β increased by high glucose concentrations.

<p>Cells were cultured as described in “<a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0028294#s4" target="_blank">Materials and Methods</a>”. Total cell lysates were subject to Western blot analysis to determine PKCs phosphorylation. A representative Western blot image is shown in the upper panel of each graph. <b>A.</b> Phospho PKCα/β. <b>B.</b> Phospho PKCδ, <b>C.</b> Phospho PKCε. GAPDH protein was used as a loading control. Results are means ± SE for 6 independent experiments. * P<0.05 versus 5 mM glucose without C-peptide.