In vivo progression of early cell cleavage stage embryos.

<p>Early cell cleavage embryos were collected following in vivo fertilization on (A) day 1 at 1000hr; (B) day 2 at 1400hr; (C) day 3 at 1000hr. Embryonic stages were determined by counting the number of nuclei and cells using confocal microscopy, grouped within developmental stages (refer to the figure legend) and are reported as an average percent per replicate; error bars represent the standard errors of the mean. Paternal exposure to CPA delayed the progression of early cleavage stage embryos on day 2 and day 3 of collection. We collected: (A) day 1, SAL N = 8 males, 115 2-cell embryos, CPA N = 5 males, 56 2-cell embryos; (B) day 2, SAL N = 4 males, 43 embryos, CPA N = 3 males, 36 embryos; (C) day 3, SAL N = 8 males, 135 embryos, CPA N = 8 males, 120 embryos. Data were statistically analyzed with Chi-square, Fisher exact test for statistical analysis * <i>P</i>≤0.05, *** <i>P</i>≤0.001.