Bioinformatics analyses of the selected gene targets.

<p>Biological processes that were involved in i-Extract mediated cell death were predicted to include oncogenesis, cell proliferation and cell cycle (<i>A</i>) and involved p53, apoptosis, and insulin/IGF signaling pathways (<i>B</i>). Most predominant amongst these pathways were p53 and apoptosis (<i>C</i>). The target genes appeared as four clusters (CDK4, p21, ING1 and TFAP2A) that were connected by p53 and PCNA, involved in cell cycle, DNA damage response and DNA repair gene (<i>D</i>). Based on the selected gene targets, it was predicted that the i-Extract mediated cancer cell killing involved ROS- mediated damage at DNA and mitochondrial level with CDKN1A as a critical mediator (<i>E</i>).