Efficiency of CD28 and NKG2D co-stimulation in cytokine/chemokine production.

<p>Negatively selected CD8<b>⁺</b> T cells (N = 10) or sorted CD28^Lo and CD28^Hi CD8<b>⁺</b> T cells (N = 5) were activated with plate-bound antibodies in different combinations. Quantities of IFN-γ, TNF-α and IL-2 were estimated in the culture supernatants using multiplex assays. Cytokine generation from total CD8⁺ (<b>A–C</b>), effector CD28^Lo (<b>D–F</b>) and naïve/memory CD28^Hi (<b>G–I</b>) CD8⁺ T cells are shown. Bar diagram represents the mean ± standard deviation of cytokine production. P values were calculated using paired t-test.