Summary of all results, showing effectiveness estimates (absolute values) arranged by study area and testing method.

<p>Note that absolute values are not comparable between testing methods. Asterisks indicate significance levels (*** p<0.001; ** p<0.01; and * p<0.05) for comparisons of the surrogate's effectiveness versus a null-distribution of randomly selected areas (for methods 1–4) randomly paired planning units (for method 5). Method 1-incidental representation measuring median target achievement; method 2- incidental representation measuring percentage of features with targets fully met; method 3- species accumulation index (SAI) measuring median target achievement; method 4- species accumulation index (SAI) measuring percentage of features with targets fully met; and method 5- correlation of summed irreplaceability values.