Induction of mucosal antibody responses in the respiratory tract of PMED HA DNA vaccinated macaques.

<p>Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and tracheal swab samples were collected from macaques prior to immunization and again at 4 weeks following each boosting dose of the HA DNA vaccine, ± rhGM-CSF. IgG antibody responses in BALF (<b>A</b>) and IgA antibody responses in tracheal swabs (<b>B</b>) against the A/New Caledonia/20/99 hemagglutinin protein were detected by ELISA. Data are reported as the O.D. measured at 450 nm for each sample, diluted 1∶20 in PBS, from individual immunized animals.