Parents’ use of mobile computing devices, caregiving, and the social and emotional development of children: A systematic review and exploratory study of expert opinion.

Adults in contemporary Australia are regular users of mobile devices including smartphones. These devices appear unobtrusive, but rapid uptake is presenting unique challenges for interpersonal relationships. Limited research exists about effects of parents’ use of mobile devices on parenting and young children. Available evidence considers effects of distraction and absorption in screen use on parents/parenting. There is a lack of consistency of theories and agreed outcome measures especially related to effects on children. Combining findings of a systematic review with expert opinion allows qualified theory development regarding potential effects of parents’ attention to devices on interactions between parents and infants