Highly conserved extended haplotypes of the major histocompatibility complex and their relationship to multiple sclerosis susceptibility - Fig 5

<p>Disease-associations for the different SNP-haplotype combinations with the Class II HLA haplotypes of: (A) <i>DRB1*1501~DQB1*0602</i> and: (B) <i>DRB1*03</i>:<i>01~DQB1*02</i>:<i>01 & DRB1*13</i>:<i>03~DQB1*03</i>:<i>01</i>. The odds ratios (OR) are given comparing cases to controls with regard to carrying either one or two copies of the risk-haplotype as opposed to carrying zero copies. In these circumstances, the disease association varied markedly, depending upon which SNP-haplotype carried the HLA-haplotype. Such an observation indicates that the observed disease-associations were not due to these specific HLA alleles but, rather, to something else, which was present on these SNP-haplotypes (see text). For unclear reasons, this data set did not replicate the findings of Chao and coworkers [<a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0190043#pone.0190043.ref019" target="_blank">19</a>] with respect to the <i>HLA-B*08</i>, <i>HLA-B*13</i>, <i>HLA-B*27</i>, <i>HLA-B*32</i>, and <i>HLA-B*52</i> haplotypes (see text). In the WTCCC data, however, vast majority (96−100%) of the haplotypes that carried these <i>HLA-B</i> alleles, when they included the <i>HLA-DRB1*15</i>:<i>01</i> allele, also carried the (<i>a1</i>) SNP haplotype. As a result, because they also carried the (<i>a1</i>) SNP haplotype, each of these haplotypes was strongly associated with an increased MS-risk except for the extremely rare <i>HLA-B*52~HLA-DRB1*15</i>:<i>01~a1</i> haplotype (where OR = 1.01).