Sustainable water supply for the Village of Kpandu Dafor, Volta Region, Ghana

This report describes the design of a water distribution system for the village of Kpandu Dafor. The water distribution system consists of the source of water, four designs of the distribution system, water-storage tank, septic tank systems, and chlorination system. The source of water was one of the three boreholes that can provide water at 70 or 80 liters per minute (Lpm). EPANET was used to develop the four different pipe designs for the water distribution system. The pipes were designed to be 24.5-, 32-, 50-, 63-, and 90-millimeter (mm) polyvinyl chloride (PVC) with flow of 0.225 liters per second (Lps) for each tapstand and stub out. Three of the designs consist of twenty tapstands with approximately five homes per tap stand and six stubouts and one design with ten tapstands with approximately ten homes per tapstand and six stubouts. There were six stubouts located at Togbe Debresu VIII\u27s (Chief of Kpandu Dafor) home, four community flushing toilet facilities, and one at the new Catholic church. Currently there is only one building with indoor plumbing, the Chiefs home. The village is currently seeking funding for the new Catholic church that will have indoor plumbing. For sanitation purposes, septic tank systems were located at the locations of the six stubouts. The septic tank systems were not designed. The one existing septic tank system is located at the Chiefs home. Also, four roofed concrete washing table stations for washing clothes were designed for sanitation purposes. The four community-flushing toilet facilities were designed to have four flushing toilets each and two sinks each and will be located at the school grounds and the existing community toilet facilities. A water chlorination system was necessary since the water would be stored in the tank. The water storage tank\u27s capacity of 60,000 liters was based on a 1.8% per year growth rate for twenty-year design period. A geographic information system was used for the visual representation of the water distribution system. The capital cost of the water distribution system is approximately $72,000 United States (US) dollars or 720,000,000 Cedis for a 20-tapstand system or approximately $61,000 US dollars or 610,000,000 Cedis for a 10-tapstand system with an exchange rate of 10,000 Cedis per one US dollar. A water committee design was provided so there would be guidance for system operation, maintenance and access to water. A list of potential funding agencies was also provided for the village, so the village can seek money to build the water distribution system