Empirical Analysis for The Effect of the Inter-regional Express Rail System (KTX) on the Change of the Relative Dependency between regions in Korea : Focused on five metropolitan cities

2004??? ????????? ??????????????? KTX??? ????????????????????? ??? ????????????????????? ?????? ?????? ????????? ??????????????????. KTX??? ?????? ?????? ??? ??????????????? ??????????????? ??? ?????????(mobility)??? ????????? ?????????????????????, ?????? ?????? ??? ????????? ?????? ?????????(accessibility) ??? ???????????? ?????? ?????? ??????????????? ?????? ??? ????????? ??????????????? ????????? ??????????????????. ????????? ?????? ??? ????????? ????????? ?????????????????? ???????????? ???????????? ????????? ????????? ?????? ????????? ????????????. ????????? ????????? ??????????????????????????? ????????????????????? ????????? ?????? ???????????? ???????????? ????????? ?????? ?????? ????????? ??????. ????????? KTX ????????? ?????? ?????? ??? ?????? ????????? ?????????, ?????? ?????? ??????????????? ????????? ??? ???????????? ?????????, ????????? ????????? ????????? ??????????????? ????????? ‘????????????(straw effect)’ ??? ?????? ?????????, ????????? ????????? ‘????????????(sprawl effect)’??? ?????? ????????????????????? ????????? ??? ???????????? ?????? ?????? ????????? ?????????. ?????? ????????? ??????????????? ???????????? ???????????? ??????????????????, ?????? ????????? ?????? ???????????? ????????? ?????????. ??? ??????????????? ?????? ???????????? ?????? ??? ??????????????? ??????????????? ???????????? ????????????????????? ????????????????????????, ?????? ?????? KTX ????????? ?????? ????????? ????????? ??????????????? ??????????????? ??????????????? ??????. ?????? ??? ????????? ?????? ??? ????????? ?????? ????????? ???????????? ????????? ????????? ??????????????? ???????????? ?????? ???????????? ??????????????? ??????????????????, ??? ????????? ????????? ????????? ???????????? ?????? ????????? ????????? ???????????? ??? ?????? ????????????(lurking variables)?????? ????????? ???????????? ?????? ????????? 5??? ???????????? ????????????, ?????? ?????? ???????????? ????????? ?????? ???????????? ?????????. The high-speed railway in Korea (KTX) was opened in 2004, it has led to inter-regional exchanges of various socio-economic activities as results of increased inter-regional mobility and accessibility in Korea. However, there was a controversy whether the connection between regions intensifies the concentration of socio-economic activities in metropolis specially in Seoul (straw-effect) or contributes to the balance of regional development (sprawl-effect). The purpose of this study is to analyze how the connecting of the KTX between regions affect the dependencies between them. Econometrics models are developed using a panel data analysis methods. In these models, the dependent variable is the relative dependency between regions which is obtained from inter-regional trips and independent variables are accessibilities, industrial specializations, economic scales by sectors and regions and KTX-dummies in special. The results are as follows: First, the operation of the KTX made the dependency on Seoul relatively high, which means the straw-effect occurred. Second, the regions with smaller economies and higher specialization in the tertiary industrial sectors have been depended upon the outside regions relatively. Similarly, developed regions in terms of accessibility have been depended on the outside regions