Spatial and subseasonal patterns of the long-term trends of Indian summer monsoon rainfall International

Long-term changes in the Indian monsoon rainfall on regional and local scales have important social and economic consequences. To present a comprehensive picture of such changes, the monthly rainfall data at 306 stations, well spread over India, have been analysed over 114 years (1871–1984), for long-term trends. The trends are quantified by linear trend for monthly as well as seasonal rainfall for each station. Some broad contiguous areas showing statistically significant trends have been identified. Areas of increasing trend in the monsoon seasonal rainfall are found along the west coast, north Andhra Pradesh and north-west India, and those of decreasing trend over east Madhya Pradesh and adjoining areas, north-east India and parts of Gujarat and Kerala. The subseasonal patterns indicate that the excess or deficiency of the monsoon rainfall is more frequently realized in the later half of the season. Monsoon rainfall tends to be more concentrated in August, over the west coast and central India